Alexandeb t



(No Model.) f .A

A. T. BALLANTINE.

COMPRESSOR FOR IGR MAKING APPARATUS. A No. 313,045. Paltegted Mar. s, 1885.

-tirrnn Smarts arnnir miren.

ALEXANDER T. BALLANTINE, OF GENEVA, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO ELLA B. BALLANTINE, OF SAME PLACE.

COMPRESSOR FOR ICE-MAKING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,045, dated March 3, 1.885.

Application filed June 2, 18S4. (No model) To all whom z5 may concern.-

Be itknown that I, ALEXANDER T. Barran- TINE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Geneva, in the county of Ashtabula and State of Ohio,'have invented cert-ain new and useful Improvement-s in Cylinders and Pistons in Compressors for Ice-Making Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form apart of this specification.

Myinvention relates particularly to certain improvements in a compressor for ice-making apparatus for which Letters Patent No. 229,940 were granted to me on the 13th of July, 1880, which improvements will be fully hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents in vertical central section portions of a gas-compressor embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 represents a detached top plan view of my improved piston. Fig. 3 represents in vertical central section a modified form of piston. Fig. 4 is a detached top ,plan view of piston shown in Fig. 8, and Fig. 5 is an enlarged horizontal section taken in line :r .fr of the piston.

rlhe compressor shown in my patent hereinbefore named consists, essentially, of a steamcylinder having buta sin gle head, a piston and follower working in such cylinder, the follower having secured thereto at its sides the guide-blocks, to which are pivoted the pitmanrods, operated by acranked shaft,A and the up per end ofthe pistonrod is provided with an auxiliary piston workingin a gas-cylinder provided with inlet and outlet valves.

In the accompanying drawings I have only shown those parts ofthe compressor which contain my improvements, referring to which, a is the steam-cylinder, open at its upper end, and b is the piston working therein. This cylinder and piston and the connections with the shaft embody my improvements, which I will now proceed to describe. The upper end of the cylinder a has the enlarged flange a. Vithin this flange is located the annular chamber a2,

v l opening into the interior of the cylinder a, and

a are dischargeopenin gs, one or more, leading from the annular chamber a to any convenient point outside of cylinder a. The piston VI) is provided with the usualpacliing-rings, b',

and is cast with the series of hollow chambers b2 to diminish its weight. y

b is an annular chamber within the piston, preferably centrally located, and close to the outer circumference of the piston. A series ot openings, b, separated by strengtheningwalls b5, lead from the annular chamber b3 into the interior of the cylinder.

The object of the improved construction just described is to carry ott' the condensed steam, which may be forced between the piston and the walls of the cylinder in the operation of the compressor. As the water is forced up by the incoming steam it collects in the annular chamber bi in the piston b, and as this chamber b3 in the upward stroke ofthe piston reaches a point opposite the annular chamber a1 in the upper wall of cylinder a the collected water passes from the chamber h3 Vinto chamber a2, from whence it is discharged through openings a, and in this manner allof the condensed steam which is forced up between the piston and cylinder is collected and discharged into any suitable receptacle away from the compressor, thereby keeping the base of the same free from the condensed steam, which would otherwise overfiow the upper and open end of the steam-cylinder.

In the compressorshown in my patenthereinbefore named the steam-piston iis provided with an integral cylindrical follower, to the sides of `which the guide-blocks connected with the shaft are secured. This construction Ihave found in practice to be faulty, owing to the uncertainty of obtaining a homogeneous casting of the piston and follower, which is absolutely necessary to obtain an equal expansion or contraction of the follower, to insure an equal strain upon the two opposit-e guidebloclrs.

My improved construction to obviate the above-mentioneddifficulty is arranged as follows: l l

Referring to Fig. l, c care two wrought-iron rods having the shoulders c c and c2 c2 and screw-threaded ends c c" and o c". Thelower IOS screw-threaded ends, d* c3, are secured to the piston-head b, and the' upper screw-threaded ends, c4 c, to an annular cross-head, d, having side projections, d d', Working in the guide- Ways e, the piston-rodf passing up and down through the center of the cross-head d. EX- tending from the side projections, d d, are the short journals g g, to which the pitmen are attached which connect with the shaft of the compressor. By means of theV adjustable Wrought-iron rods c c and cross-head d, as just described, an equal strain can readily be preserved upon the journals g g,which insures an even and accurate Working of the piston, and prevents any breaking or fracture of parts consequent upon unequal strain due to irregular expansion.

In Fig. 3I have shown a modification of the construction just described, in which the connectingrods h h are cast With the piston b, their upper ends being provided with sockets .h h', in which is secured the cross-head d.

rI his modiiied construction provides equally well against the breaking or fracture of parts, which is so liableto occur inthe form of compressor shown in my patent hereinbefore named.

Y I claim-- 1. In a compressor for ice-making appara` piston provided with an annular chamber opening into the cylinder, by meansot which the condensed steam is removed from the cylinder and prevented from overowing its open end7 substantially as shown and described.

2. Inra compressor for ice-making apparatus, a piston adjustably secured by rods to a separate annular cross-head Working in Ways in the frame,such cross-head carrying` the jour-.

y nals, which are connected by pitmen to the Working-shaft, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a compressor for ice-making apparatus, the combination,witl1 the cylinder a., having a single head, and provided with the annular chamber a2 in its upper or open end, and the exterior outlet, a5, ofthe piston b, provided with the annular chamber b3, having openings b4, substantially as and for the purpose stated. 4 Y

4. In a compressor for ice-making apparatus, the combinatiomwith the piston b, of the crosshead d, such cross-head being adjustably connected with the piston by the screw-threaded rods c c, the cross-head havingthe journals g g, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEXANDER T. BALLANTINE.

Vitnesses:

J. FRED. BEHN, O'rro Honnicii. 

